France
S:t Chamond Tank
The construction of the first French tank, the Schneider CA 1, annoyed S.T.A., the department in the French Army that had the official responsability for quiring such vehicles, and they decided to quickly develop a tank of their own.
The result was the Char S:t Chamond - S:t Chamond being the location of the firm that made the vehicle.
Like the CA 1 it used the Holt Tractor suspension, albeit somewhat lengthened. And like the CA 1 the superstructure took the form of an armoured box. It had a more powerful gun, mounted in the front, and also 4 MG:s.
The construction had some good points, beside the better armament, including an electric transmission, and a special position for a crew member driving the vehicle backwards. It was also a bit faster than the CA 1. But in order to accomodate all the wanted armament they had to make the hull much longer than that of the Schneider CA 1, providing a long and bulky overhang at the front, and this was the biggest flaw of the construction. The drive train was quite simply too small and too weak for such a large vehicle. It was soon described as "an elephant on the legs of a gazelle".
In action The S:t Chamond was first used in action on May 5 1917, in support of an infantry attack at Moule de Laffaux. The major flaw in the construction - the small drive train and the big front overhang - at once revealed itself: of the 16 S:t Chamond tanks that participated in the assault, 15 got firmly stuck when they attempted to cross the German trenches. In the next big tank attack, both Schneider CA 1:s and S:t Chamonds participated, but the result was again a flop: only the CA 1:s managed to pass the German trenches!
There were some attempts to redesign the vehicle, but all that came out of this was some detail changes. Among other things, a sloping roof was introduced - in order to make it more difficult to attack the top of the tank by throwing up hand grenandes - and the many cupolas were removed. The production of the tank was curtailed after some 400 were built. Under 1918 these vehicles participated in some 375 different actions, and at the end of the war only 72 were still left in service.
Click on the thumbnails below to see more views of this model:
The Model shows the initial variant with the flat roof, and is made from a kit in white metal, from an unknown producer. (Any tips?) It has been built pretty much straight out of the box.
Technical Data
Weight
22 tons
Maximum Armour
11,5 mm
Maximum Road Speed
8 km/h
Armament
1 x 75mm Cannon
4 x 8mm MGCrew
8 men
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